NOTE: The VSS is no longer installed on newer vehicles with manual transmission. On these vehicles the vehicle speed is provided via the ABS (Anti-lock…

The MAF sensor works according to the hot wire principle. The MAF sensor is used exclusively to regulate exhaust gas recirculation EGR (closed control loop)…

Example of installation position of the CHT sensor on the 2.0L Duratorq-DI 1 Cylinder head 2 Sensor tip 3 CHT sensor The CHT sensor (CHT…

Depending on the system, either a MAP sensor and an IAT sensor or a T-MAP sensor is installed. In the T-MAP sensor, the MAP sensor…

The CMP signal is required by the IDM/PCM to activate the individual fuel injectors according to the injection sequence. The CMP sensor works on the…

The CKP sensor records inductively the exact angular position of the crankshaft as well as the engine speed. Sensor ring for the CKP sensor A…

1 CHT signal 2 CKP 3 PCM 4 Glow plug warning indicator 5 Sheathed-type glow plug relay (in CJB (Central Junction Box)) 6 Parallel connected…

1 EEC V PCM 2 IDM 3 Delphi PCM Ford diesel vehicles with Delphi common rail injection systems are gradually being fitted with just one…

NOTE: If the IDM has been programmed with the latest software version using WDS, ensure that the PCM is programmed with the latest software version…

a Fixed frequency b Variable switch-on time 1 Signal voltage 2 Time The microprocessor transmits output signals to the actuators via specific output stages. The…