The ECM controls the actuators by applying a low level signal (low side driver) or a high level signal (high side driver). When switched on,…

RAM stores temporary information for current engine conditions. Temporary information in RAM is lost when the ignition switch is turned to OFF or when ECM…

ROM stores permanent information for calibration tables and operating strategies. Permanently stored information cannot be changed or lost by turning the ignition switch to OFF…

The Electronic Control Module (ECM) monitors and controls engine performance to ensure maximum performance and adherence to emissions standards. The ECM has four primary functions:…

The thermostat has two outlets. One directs coolant to the radiator when the engine is at operating temperature. The other directs coolant to the water…

The cooling system keeps the engine within a designated temperature range. The major components of the cooling system include the following: • Radiator and fan…

The gerotor oil pump, driven by the engine crankshaft, draws unfiltered oil from the oil pan through an oil pick-up tube into the inlet port…