Exhaust-gas recirculation consists of three functions: • Setpoint calculation • Air-mass calculation • Open-loop or closed-loop control and monitoring Setpoint calculation provides the setpoint and…

High pressure control There are three subfunctions which make up high pressure control: • Setpoint generation • Rail-pressure control • Rail-pressure monitoring Setpoint generation The…

Injection-rate metering consists of the advance- main- and post-injection phases (known respectively as VE, HE and NE). The injection quantities for each individual injection process…

The result of injection-rate calculation when the car is on the move is the total quantity of fuel to be injected into each individual cylinder.…

Injection-rate control consists of the subfunctions • Injection-rate calculation • Injection-rate metering Injection-rate calculation computes the quantity of fuel to be injected on the basis…

Synchronisation of the crankshaft and camshaft is necessary in order to ensure the engine start procedure functions correctly. The crankshaft sensor registers the crankshaft position.…

Synchronisation of the crankshaft and camshaft is necessary in order to ensure the engine start procedure functions correctly. The crankshaft sensor registers the crankshaft position.…

The speed of the camshaft is registered by the camshaft speed sensor. This phase sensor supplies a digital signal (square-wave signal). The DDE control unit…

The engine speed is registered by the crankshaft speed sensor. This inductive sensor supplies a sine-wave signal with speed dependent amplitude and frequency. In order…

The vehicle-speed signal is transmitted along a direct line from the ABS/ASC control unit. Road speed is calculated on the basis of pulses per unit…